Low-grade lesions (LSIL) can be monitored since they often heal on their own and will only be treated if they persist for more than two years or if they progress to a high-grade lesion.
High-grade lesions (HSIL) are often treated with local anesthesia, by removing this lesion using a kind of electric scalpel (loop or diathermic needle), by laser, by cold (cryotherapy) or by conventional surgery . This treatment is generally well tolerated and represents a moderate risk for fertility or a future pregnancy.
There is currently no drug that works directly against HPV viruses, but many studies are underway regarding vaccine development.